These findings suggest strong support for the role of short-term changes in positive symptoms and modest support for the role of work involvement in social outcome. Results indicated that (1) work involvement was associated with larger network sizes over a 6-month period (2) experiencing an increase in positive symptoms over a 6-month period was associated with the loss of reciprocal network ties, a lessening of satisfaction with social relationships, and an increase in loneliness and (3) neither living situation nor moving frequently was associated with later social outcomes. Data from two time points, 6 months apart, were used to test models predicting five social outcomes (network size, network reciprocity, sociosexual contact, satisfaction with social relationships, and loneliness) from positive symptoms, work involvement, living situation, and residential mobility. Subjects were 87 young adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. This study used data from the long-term experimental evaluation of the Program of Assertive Community Treatment (PACT) to examine the clinical and situational contributors to social functioning in people with schizophrenia. Regional differences in mortality were evident, indicating a need for further research to understand the mortality gap and why it might vary regionally. In this nationwide register-based study, excess mortality among persons with schizophrenia was clearly observed. Regional variations in SMRs were not associated with population characteristics or psychiatric health care resources of a hospital district.
Total mortality, circulatory deaths, and suicides differed among the 20 hospital districts examined.
In natural causes of death, the SMR for ill-defined and unknown causes of death was almost 25. The largest single unnatural cause of death was suicide. The SMRs for all-cause mortality, circulatory system diseases, and suicides were higher for females than males in almost all age groups. They had 4.45-fold higher mortality than the general population, and patients' mortality was significantly elevated in all age groups. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated by matching patients' data with the general Finnish population on age, gender, and place of residence.ĭuring the five-year follow-up of 7,591 schizophrenia patients, 403 (5%) patients died. This was a nationwide register-based five-year follow-up study of all patients with onset of schizophrenia between 19. This study analyzed gender-specific mortality of patients with a first episode of schizophrenic illness, particularly deaths from circulatory system diseases and suicide.